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English

Temperature and ice volume changes associated with recent glacials and interglacial

Summary edit

English: This figure shows the Antarctic temperature changes during the last several glacial/interglacial cycles of the present ice age and a comparison to changes in global ice volume. The present day is on the right.
The first two curves shows local changes in temperature at two sites in Antarctica as derived from deuterium isotopic measurements (δD) on ice cores (EPICA Community Members 2004, Petit et al. 1999). The final plot shows a reconstruction of global ice volume on δ¹⁸O measurements on benthic foraminifera from a composite of globally distributed sediment cores and is scaled to match the scale of fluctuations in Antarctic temperature (Lisiecki and Raymo 2005). Note that changes in global ice volume and changes in Antarctic temperature are highly correlated, so one is a good estimate of the other, but differences in the sediment record do not necessarily reflect differences in paleotemperature. Horizontal lines indicate modern temperatures and ice volume. However, since geological records such as ice cores and sediments represent an average often on the scale of thousands of years, direct comparison to current values can be misleading. Larger, short term variations in ancient climate are not present in the fossil record. Hence the comparison is not comparing like with like and is scientifically invalid. Differences in the alignment of various features reflect dating uncertainty and do not indicate different timing at different sites.
The Antarctic temperature records indicate that the present interglacial is relatively cool compared to previous interglacials, at least at these sites. The Liesecki & Raymo (2005) sediment reconstruction does not indicate significant differences between modern ice volume and previous interglacials, though some other studies do report slightly lower ice volumes / higher sea levels during the 120 ka and 400 ka interglacials (Karner et al. 2001, Hearty and Kaufman 2000).
It should be noted that temperature changes at the typical equatorial site are believed to have been significantly less than the changes observed at high latitude.

Español: Esta figura muestra los cambios de temperatura en la Antártida durante los últimos ciclos glaciares/interglaciares de la actual era del hielo y una comparación con los cambios en el volumen de hielo global. La época actual está a la derecha.

Las dos primeras curvas muestran los cambios locales de temperatura en dos lugares de la Antártida, derivados de las mediciones isotópicas de deuterio (δD) en núcleos de hielo (EPICA Community Members 2004, Petit et al. 1999). El último gráfico muestra una reconstrucción del volumen global de hielo a partir de mediciones de δ18O en foraminíferos bentónicos de un compuesto de núcleos de sedimentos distribuidos por todo el mundo, y está escalado para ajustarse a la escala de las fluctuaciones de la temperatura antártica (Lisiecki y Raymo 2005). Nótese que los cambios en el volumen de hielo global y los cambios en la temperatura antártica están muy correlacionados, por lo que uno es una buena estimación del otro, aunque las diferencias en el registro de sedimentos no reflejan necesariamente las diferencias en la paleotemperatura. Las líneas horizontales indican las temperaturas modernas y el volumen de hielo. Sin embargo, dado que los registros geológicos, como los núcleos de hielo y los sedimentos, representan una media a menudo a escala de miles de años, la comparación directa con los valores actuales puede ser engañosa. Las grandes variaciones a corto plazo del clima antiguo no están presentes en los registros fósiles. Por lo tanto, la comparación no es similar y es científicamente inválida. Las diferencias en la alineación de los distintos rasgos reflejan la incertidumbre de la datación y no indican una cronología diferente en los distintos lugares.

Los registros de temperatura de la Antártida indican que el actual ciclo interglacial es relativamente frío en comparación con los anteriores, al menos en estos lugares. La reconstrucción de sedimentos de Liesecki y Raymo (2005) no indica diferencias significativas entre el volumen de hielo moderno y los ciclos interglaciares anteriores, aunque otros estudios informan de volúmenes de hielo ligeramente inferiores / niveles del mar más altos durante los interglaciares de 120 ka y 400 ka (Karner et al. 2001, Hearty y Kaufman 2000). Hay que tener en cuenta que se cree que los cambios de temperatura en el sitio ecuatorial típico han sido significativamente menores que los cambios observados en las altas latitudes.

Français : Variations des températures en Antarctique lors des derniers cycles glaciaires/interglaciaires, et comparaison avec l'évolution du volume des glaces mondiale (L'époque contemporaine est à droite du graphique). Rappel : les changements de température sur un site équatorial typique auraient été nettement moindres que les changements observés à haute latitude et en zone polaire

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Copyright edit

This figure was produced by Robert A. Rohde from publicly available data and is incorporated into the Global Warming Art project.

Image from Global Warming Art

This image is an original work created for Global Warming Art. Please refer to the image description page for more information.

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License.

	This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.

	You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. share alike – If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same or compatible license as the original.
	This licensing tag was added to this file as part of the GFDL licensing update.CC BY-SA 3.0truetrue

References edit

Petit J.R., Jouzel J., Raynaud D., Barkov N.I., Barnola J.M., Basile I., Bender M., Chappellaz J., Davis J., Delaygue G., Delmotte M., Kotlyakov V.M., Legrand M., Lipenkov V., Lorius C., Pépin L., Ritz C., Saltzman E., Stievenard M. (1999) Climate and Atmospheric History of the Past 420,000 years from the Vostok Ice Core, Antarctica, Nature, 399, 429-436. [1]
EPICA community members (2004) Eight glacial cycles from an Antarctic ice core, Nature 429:6992, 623-628, doi:10.1038/nature02599. [2]
Lisiecki, L. E., and M. E. Raymo (2005), A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic d18O records, Paleoceanography, 20, PA1003, doi:10.1029/2004PA001071. [3]
Hearty, P.J. and Kaufman, D.S. (2000) Whole-rock aminostratigraphy and Quaternary sea-level history of the Bahamas, Quaternary Research 54, 163-173.
D. B. Karner, J. Levine, B. P. Medeiros, R. A. Muller (2002) Constucting a Stacked Benthic δ¹⁸O Record, Paleoceanography 17:0, doi:10.1029/2001PA000667.

Dragons flight's Temperature Record Series

This figure is part of a series of plots created by Dragons flight to illustrate
changes in Earth's temperature and climate across many different time scales.

Time Period: 25 yrs | 150 yrs | 1 kyr | 2 kyr | 12 kyr | 450 kyr | 5 Myr | 65 Myr | 500 Myr

For articles related to this topic see: Temperature record

File history

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	Date/Time	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	15:15, 6 May 2012	564 × 377 (44 KB)	Michael Vogel (talk \| contribs)	Reverted to version as of 17:24, 5 December 2009
	08:00, 6 May 2012	564 × 377 (27 KB)	Rotatebot (talk \| contribs)	Bot: Image rotated by 180°
	17:24, 5 December 2009	564 × 377 (44 KB)	Wikinist~commonswiki (talk \| contribs)	Changed the direction for intuitively better left-to-right proceeding. Rudimentary work, done solely by copying, pasteing and flipping.
	22:38, 4 July 2009	564 × 377 (19 KB)	Falcorian (talk \| contribs)	Lossless compression with pngout.
	22:51, 17 December 2005	564 × 377 (27 KB)	Saperaud~commonswiki (talk \| contribs)	*'''Description:''' [[en:Image:{{subst:PAGENAME}}]]